#!/usr/bin/perl

=head1 NAME

cpanel_json_xs - Cpanel::JSON::XS commandline utility

=head1 SYNOPSIS

   cpanel_json_xs [-v] [-f inputformat] [-t outputformat]

=head1 DESCRIPTION

F<cpanel_json_xs> converts between some input and output formats (one of them is
JSON).

The default input format is C<json> and the default output format is
C<json-pretty>.

=head1 OPTIONS

=over 4

=item -v

Be slightly more verbose.

=item -f fromformat

Read a file in the given format from STDIN.

C<fromformat> can be one of:

=over 4

=item json - a json text encoded, either utf-8, utf16-be/le, utf32-be/le

=item json-nonref - json according to RFC 7159

=item json-relaxed - json with all relaxed options

=item json-unknown - json with allow_unknown

=item storable - a Storable frozen value

=item storable-file - a Storable file (Storable has two incompatible formats)

=item bencode - uses one of Net::BitTorrent::Protocol::BEP03::Bencode, Bencode or the broken Convert::Bencode, if available (used by torrent files, among others)

=item clzf - Compress::LZF format (requires that module to be installed)

=item eval - evaluate the given code as (non-utf-8) Perl, basically the reverse of "-t dump"

=item yaml - loose YAML (requires YAML)

=item yaml-tiny - loose YAML (requires YAML::Tiny or CPAN::Meta::YAML)

=item yaml-xs - strict YAML 1.2 (requires YAML::XS)

=item yaml-syck - YAML (requires YAML::Syck)

=item cbor - CBOR (via CBOR::XS)

=item string - do not attempt to decode the file data

=item sereal - Sereal (via Sereal::Decoder)

=item none - nothing is read, creates an C<undef> scalar - mainly useful with C<-e>

=back

=item -t toformat

Write the file in the given format to STDOUT.

C<toformat> can be one of:

=over 4

=item json, json-utf-8 - json, utf-8 encoded

=item json-pretty - as above, but pretty-printed with sorted object keys

=item json-stringify - as json-pretty with allow_stringify

=item json-relaxed  - as json-pretty, but with the additional options

->allow_stringify->allow_blessed->convert_blessed->allow_unknown
->allow_tags->stringify_infnan(1)

=item json-utf-16le, json-utf-16be - little endian/big endian utf-16

=item json-utf-32le, json-utf-32be - little endian/big endian utf-32

=item storable - a Storable frozen value in network format

=item storable-file - a Storable file in network format (Storable has two incompatible formats)

=item bencode - uses one of Net::BitTorrent::Protocol::BEP03::Bencode, Bencode or the broken Convert::Bencode, if available (used by torrent files, among others)

=item clzf - Compress::LZF format

=item yaml - loose YAML (requires YAML)

=item yaml-tiny - loose YAML (requires YAML::Tiny or CPAN::Meta::YAML)

=item yaml-xs - strict YAML 1.2 (requires YAML::XS)

=item yaml-syck - YAML (requires YAML::Syck)

=item dump - Data::Dump

=item dumper - Data::Dumper

=item string - writes the data out as if it were a string

=item sereal - Sereal (via Sereal::Encoder)

=item none - nothing gets written, mainly useful together with C<-e>

Note that Data::Dumper doesn't handle self-referential data structures
correctly - use "dump" instead.

=back

=item -e code

Evaluate perl code after reading the data and before writing it out again
- can be used to filter, create or extract data. The data that has been
read is in C<$_>, and whatever is in there is written out afterwards.

=back

=head1 EXAMPLES

   cpanel_json_xs -t none <isitreally.json

"JSON Lint" - tries to parse the file F<isitreally.json> as JSON - if it
is valid JSON, the command outputs nothing, otherwise it will print an
error message and exit with non-zero exit status.

   <src.json cpanel_json_xs >pretty.json

Prettify the JSON file F<src.json> to F<dst.json>.

   cpanel_json_xs -f storable-file <file

Read the serialized Storable file F<file> and print a human-readable JSON
version of it to STDOUT.

   cpanel_json_xs -f storable-file -t yaml <file

Same as above, but write YAML instead (not using JSON at all :)

   cpanel_json_xs -f none -e '$_ = [1, 2, 3]'

Dump the perl array as UTF-8 encoded JSON text.

   <torrentfile cpanel_json_xs -f bencode -e '$_ = join "\n", map @$_, @{$_->{"announce-list"}}' -t string

Print the tracker list inside a torrent file.

   lwp-request http://cpantesters.perl.org/show/Cpanel-JSON-XS.json | cpanel_json_xs

Fetch the cpan-testers result summary C<Cpanel::JSON::XS> and pretty-print it.

    cpanel_json_xs -f yaml-xs -t yaml-tiny <META.yml   >MYMETA.yml
    cpanel_json_xs -f yaml-tiny -t yaml-xs <MYMETA.yml >XSMETA.yml
    cpanel_json_xs -f yaml -t yaml <XSMETA.yml #BOOM!
    Error: YAML_LOAD_ERR_BAD_MAP_ELEMENT

Compare YAML en- and decoders, and see that YAML::XS generates unparsable YAML
L<https://github.com/ingydotnet/yaml-libyaml-pm/issues/9>

=head1 AUTHOR

Copyright (C) 2008 Marc Lehmann <json@schmorp.de>
Copyright (C) 2016 Cpanel Inc

=cut

use strict;

use Getopt::Long;
use Storable ();
use Encode;

use Cpanel::JSON::XS;

my $opt_verbose;
my $opt_from = "json";
my $opt_to   = "json-pretty";
my $opt_eval;

Getopt::Long::Configure ("bundling", "no_ignore_case", "require_order");

GetOptions(
   "v"   => \$opt_verbose,
   "f=s" => \$opt_from,
   "t=s" => \$opt_to,
   "e=s" => \$opt_eval,
) or die "Usage: $0 [-v] -f fromformat [-e code] [-t toformat]\n";

sub enc {
  $_ = shift;
  my $enc =
    /^\x00\x00\x00/s    ? "utf-32be"
    : /^\x00.\x00/s     ? "utf-16be"
    : /^.\x00\x00\x00/s ? "utf-32le"
    : /^.\x00.\x00/s    ? "utf-16le"
    :                     "utf-8";
  warn "input text encoding is $enc\n" if $opt_verbose;
  $enc;
}

my %F = (
   "none"          => sub { undef },
   "string"        => sub { $_ },
   "json"          => sub {
      Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->decode (decode enc($_), $_)
   },
   "json-nonref"   => sub {
      Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->allow_nonref->decode (decode enc($_), $_)
   },
   "json-relaxed"   => sub {
      Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->relaxed->decode (decode enc($_), $_)
   },
   "json-unknown"   => sub {
      Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->allow_unknown->decode (decode enc($_), $_)
   },
   "storable"      => sub { Storable::thaw $_ },
   "storable-file" => sub { open my $fh, "<", \$_; Storable::fd_retrieve $fh },
   "bencode"       => sub {
      if (eval {require Net::BitTorrent::Protocol::BEP03::Bencode }) {
        return Net::BitTorrent::Protocol::BEP03::Bencode::bdecode ($_);
      }
      if (eval {require Bencode}) {
        return Bencode::bdecode ($_);
      }
      require Convert::Bencode; return Convert::Bencode::bdecode ($_);
   },
   "clzf"          => sub { require Compress::LZF; Compress::LZF::sthaw ($_) },
   "yaml"          => sub { require YAML; YAML::Load ($_) },
   "yaml-tiny"     => sub { require CPAN::Meta::YAML; CPAN::Meta::YAML::Load ($_) },
   "yaml-xs"       => sub { require YAML::XS; YAML::XS::Load ($_) },
   "yaml-syck"     => sub { require YAML::Syck; YAML::Syck::Load ($_) },
   "cbor"          => sub { require CBOR::XS; CBOR::XS::decode_cbor ($_) },
   "sereal"        => sub { require Sereal::Decoder; Sereal::Decoder::decode_sereal ($_) },
   "eval"          => sub { my $v = eval "no strict; no warnings; no utf8;\n#line 1 \"input\"\n$_"; die "$@" if $@; $v },
);

my %T = (
   "none"          => sub { "" },
   "string"        => sub { $_ },
   "json"          => sub { encode_json $_ },
   "json-utf-8"    => sub { encode_json $_ },
   "json-pretty"   => sub { Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->utf8->pretty->canonical->encode ($_) },
   "json-stringify"=> sub { Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->utf8->pretty->canonical->allow_stringify->encode ($_) },
   "json-relaxed"  => sub { Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->utf8->pretty->canonical
                              ->allow_stringify->allow_blessed->convert_blessed
                              ->allow_unknown->allow_tags->stringify_infnan(1)
                              ->encode ($_) },
   "json-utf-16le" => sub { encode "utf-16le", Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->encode ($_) },
   "json-utf-16be" => sub { encode "utf-16be", Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->encode ($_) },
   "json-utf-32le" => sub { encode "utf-32le", Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->encode ($_) },
   "json-utf-32be" => sub { encode "utf-32be", Cpanel::JSON::XS->new->encode ($_) },

   "storable"      => sub { Storable::nfreeze $_ },
   "storable-file" => sub { open my $fh, ">", \my $buf; Storable::nstore_fd $_, $fh; $buf },

   "bencode"       => sub {
      if (eval {require Net::BitTorrent::Protocol::BEP03::Bencode }) {
        return Net::BitTorrent::Protocol::BEP03::Bencode::bencode ($_);
      }
      if (eval {require Bencode}) {
        return Bencode::bencode ($_);
      }
      require Convert::Bencode; return Convert::Bencode::bencode ($_);
   },
   "clzf"          => sub { require Compress::LZF; Compress::LZF::sfreeze_cr ($_) },
   "yaml"          => sub { require YAML; YAML::Dump ($_) },
   "yaml-tiny"     => sub { require CPAN::Meta::YAML; CPAN::Meta::YAML::Dump ($_) },
   "yaml-xs"       => sub { require YAML::XS; YAML::XS::Dump ($_) },
   "yaml-syck"     => sub { require YAML::Syck; YAML::Syck::Dump ($_) },
   "dumper"        => sub {
      require Data::Dumper;
      #local $Data::Dumper::Purity    = 1; # hopeless case
      local $Data::Dumper::Terse     = 1;
      local $Data::Dumper::Indent    = 1;
      local $Data::Dumper::Useqq     = 1;
      local $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys = 0;
      local $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys  = 1;
      Data::Dumper::Dumper($_)
   },
   "dump"          => sub {
      require Data::Dump;
      local $Data::Dump::TRY_BASE64 = 0;
      Data::Dump::dump ($_) . "\n"
   },
   "sereal"        => sub { require Sereal::Encoder; Sereal::Encoder::encode_sereal ($_) },
);

$F{$opt_from}
   or die "$opt_from: not a valid fromformat\n";

$T{$opt_to}
   or die "$opt_from: not a valid toformat\n";

if ($opt_from ne "none") {
   local $/;
   binmode STDIN; # stupid perl sometimes thinks its funny
   $_ = <STDIN>;
}

$_ = $F{$opt_from}->();

eval $opt_eval;
die $@ if $@;

$_ = $T{$opt_to}->();

binmode STDOUT;
syswrite STDOUT, $_;



